Article Link Publication: Lavon et al., bioRxiv (2026), preprint posted October 9, 2026 Overview This study evaluated the performance of Nanotrap® Magnetic Virus Particles for concentrating viruses from wastewater influent prior to probe-capture enrichment sequencing, compared with conventional settled-solids processing. Researchers analyzed nine wastewater samples collected from three treatment facilities in California's Central Valley, processing matched samples using either Nanotrap particle concentration of whole influent or settling and dewatering of solids. Extracted DNA and RNA were sequenced using Illumina's Viral Surveillance Panels (VSP v1 and v2), targeting 66 and 242 viral genomes, respectively. The objective was to determine how sample preparation methods influence viral diversity, pathogen detection, and sequencing performance in wastewater-based epidemiology. Key Findings Nanotrap-enriched influent enabled substantially broader viral detection The Nanotrap workflow identified a median of 358 viral species per sample versus 184 in settled solids using the VSP v2 sequencing configuration. With VSP v1, Nanotrap-processed influent yielded 90 viral species versus 25 in settled solids, representing a 3.6-fold difference. Rarefaction analysis indicated that influent generally supported greater viral species diversity, particularly at higher sequencing depths. The influent libraries also received more sequencing reads, contributing to the observed differences in species detection. Nanotrap concentration supported detection of public health-relevant viruses Using VSP v2, 46 panel-associated viral species were detected in Nanotrap-processed influent compared with 36 in settled solids across the study. With VSP v1, the corresponding totals were 26 and 23 species. Detected viruses included human astrovirus, norovirus, adenoviruses, polyomaviruses, and sapoviruses, demonstrating compatibility with broad pathogen surveillance. Probe-capture enrichment reduced differences in targeted viral detection between sample types compared with overall viral species detection. Influent processing favored RNA virus representation Nanotrap-processed influent exhibited a higher relative abundance of RNA viruses, whereas settled solids contained proportionally more DNA viruses. Among 27 RNA virus targets detected using VSP v2, 22 were identified in influent compared with 13 in solids. For DNA viruses, 19 were detected in influent compared with 15 in solids. These results suggest that Nanotrap-based influent processing may be particularly valuable for surveillance programs targeting RNA viruses, although additional validation is required. Nanotrap workflow supported strong viral genome coverage For most endogenous viruses examined, influent samples demonstrated greater average genome coverage depth than settled solids, with human mastadenovirus F as an exception. The bovine coronavirus process control also exhibited substantially greater sequencing coverage in influent than solids, although different spike concentrations and processing conditions prevent direct recovery comparisons. The workflow used 75 µL Nanotrap Magnetic Virus Particles and 50 µL Enhancement Reagent 1 per approximately 5 mL wastewater sample, followed by automated KingFisher™ Apex processing and MagMAX nucleic acid extraction. Implications for Nanotrap Technology This study provides independent evidence supporting Nanotrap Magnetic Virus Particles as an effective sample preparation technology for wastewater viral metagenomics and targeted sequencing. The Nanotrap-based influent workflow enabled broader viral species detection, greater representation of RNA viruses, and generally higher genome coverage than the settled-solids workflow under the tested conditions. Importantly, the study expands the demonstrated applications of Nanotrap technology beyond targeted PCR-based wastewater surveillance to broad viral discovery and hybridization probe-capture sequencing. Compatibility with Illumina's Viral Surveillance Panels and automated KingFisher processing supports potential integration into scalable, multi-pathogen wastewater surveillance programs. Conclusion The authors conclude that both wastewater influent and settled solids are compatible with probe-capture enrichment sequencing, but sample preparation significantly influences viral diversity and relative abundance. Nanotrap-processed influent yielded nearly twice as many viral species as settled solids with VSP v2 (358 versus 184) and detected more public health-relevant viral targets. The findings support Nanotrap Magnetic Virus Particles as a promising technology for broad-spectrum wastewater virome analysis, particularly for surveillance applications requiring simultaneous detection of diverse RNA and DNA viruses. Further controlled comparisons using matched sequencing depths, standardized inputs, and quantitative recovery measurements would help establish the specific contribution of Nanotrap enrichment to improved viral detection. SKU 44XXX

Article Link Publication: Luchen et al., Scientific Reports (2026) Overview This study evaluated wastewater metagenomics for monitoring microbial diversity and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) across five districts in Zambia. Researchers analyzed 114 wastewater samples collected between October 2023 and August 2025, using Nanotrap® Microbiome A Particles to concentrate bacterial material before DNA extraction and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The study characterized geographically distinct microbial communities, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and plasmid-mediated resistance mechanisms, demonstrating the potential of Nanotrap-enabled wastewater surveillance to support environmental AMR monitoring and public health decision-making. Key Findings Nanotrap particles supported comprehensive wastewater metagenomics All 114 wastewater samples were concentrated using Nanotrap Microbiome A Particles before DNA extraction and Illumina NextSeq 2000 sequencing. The workflow processed 10 mL of wastewater using 150 µL of Microbiome A Particles and 100 µL of Enhancement Reagent 3 (ER3), with a 10-minute incubation followed by magnetic separation. The resulting DNA preparations had a mean concentration of 103.8 ng/µL, supporting shotgun metagenomic analysis of bacterial communities and resistance genes. Sequencing generated an average of 4.0 million reads per sample, enabling broad microbial and resistome characterization. Wastewater revealed geographically distinct microbial communities Microbial composition differed significantly across the five districts (PERMANOVA p<0.001). Chipata exhibited the highest bacterial diversity, with a median of 77 observed species and a Shannon diversity index of 3.80. Common wastewater-associated organisms included Escherichia coli, Aliarcobacter cryaerophilus, and Acidovorax temperans. These findings demonstrate the ability of the workflow to characterize complex bacterial communities across geographically diverse wastewater environments. Metagenomic sequencing identified extensive antimicrobial resistance Resistance genes associated with antibiotic efflux, target alteration, and target replacement were abundant across sampling locations. Chipata demonstrated significantly greater ARG richness than Kalulushi and Kabwe (p<0.01). Clinically relevant organisms, including E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, were associated with resistance to multiple antibiotic classes. The bicyclomycin resistance gene bcr-1 was detected across all samples, highlighting resistance reservoirs that may not be captured through routine clinical surveillance. Plasmid analysis revealed potential mechanisms of resistance transmission Researchers identified 4,839 putative plasmid contigs across 83 of 114 samples (73%), with 40 samples containing detectable ARG-bearing plasmids. Plasmids carried resistance determinants associated with tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, and macrolides. The disinfectant resistance gene qacEΔ1 frequently co-occurred with sul1 and aadA5, suggesting potential co-selection of antibiotic and disinfectant resistance. These findings highlight the value of wastewater metagenomics for identifying mobile genetic elements associated with antimicrobial resistance. Implications for Nanotrap Technology This study demonstrates the successful application of Nanotrap Microbiome A Particles as a sample preparation technology for wastewater shotgun metagenomics and antimicrobial resistance surveillance. By concentrating bacterial material from 10 mL wastewater samples, the Nanotrap workflow supported downstream identification of microbial taxa, ARGs, and plasmid-associated resistance determinants across 114 environmental samples. Importantly, the study expands the demonstrated applications of Nanotrap technology beyond targeted pathogen detection to untargeted microbial community profiling and environmental resistome analysis. These findings support its potential integration into genomic surveillance programs focused on antimicrobial resistance, One Health initiatives, and environmental monitoring. Conclusion The authors conclude that wastewater metagenomics provides valuable insights into geographically distinct microbial communities and antimicrobial resistance reservoirs that conventional clinical surveillance may overlook. Using Nanotrap Microbiome A Particles, researchers successfully processed 114 wastewater samples for shotgun metagenomic sequencing, identifying diverse bacterial populations, extensive ARG profiles, and thousands of putative plasmid sequences. The study provides an independent, real-world demonstration of Nanotrap technology supporting comprehensive bacterial metagenomics and plasmid-mediated AMR surveillance. The findings reinforce the potential for Nanotrap-enabled sample preparation to support scalable wastewater genomics programs and strengthen environmental infectious disease monitoring. SKU 44XXX

Poster: Saunders, Ceres Nanosciences, IWA World Water Congress & Exhibition (2026) Overview This study evaluated Nanotrap® Microbiome A and B Particles combined with the Nanotrap® PRIME Extraction Kit for concentrating, extracting, and detecting mosquito-borne arboviruses from wastewater. Wastewater samples were spiked with West Nile virus, dengue virus, Zika virus, chikungunya virus, and yellow fever virus to assess multi-pathogen capture, sensitivity, reproducibility across wastewater matrices, and compatibility with qPCR and digital PCR (dPCR). The objective was to determine whether a rapid, semi-automated Nanotrap workflow could detect arboviruses at concentrations relevant to wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) and outbreak surveillance. Key Findings Detection of multiple arboviruses with a single Nanotrap workflow Nanotrap Microbiome A and B Particles successfully captured West Nile, dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever viruses from wastewater. West Nile, dengue, and Zika were simultaneously recovered from four unique wastewater samples spiked at 10⁴ copies/mL, demonstrating multi-target capture across different wastewater matrices. Consistent detection across the four samples suggests that the workflow can tolerate variability in wastewater composition. Detection at concentrations relevant to wastewater surveillance Chikungunya and yellow fever were detected across concentrations ranging from 10 to 1,000 copies/mL by both qPCR and dPCR. Reported endogenous chikungunya concentrations in wastewater are approximately 100–1,300 copies/mL, placing the demonstrated Nanotrap detection range within concentrations observed during real-world surveillance. Yellow fever was detectable at 10 copies/mL, approaching modeled wastewater concentrations expected from relatively small numbers of infections. Integrated concentration and nucleic acid extraction Microbial capture and concentration were performed with Nanotrap Microbiome A and B Particles, followed by nucleic acid purification using the Nanotrap PRIME Extraction Kit. The poster's workflow illustrates an integrated process from wastewater collection → Nanotrap concentration → extraction → detection → analysis, reducing the need for separate concentration and extraction approaches. The workflow processed 10 mL wastewater samples in the experiments shown, while the authors note that 10–35 mL inputs are appropriate for native arbovirus isolation based on reported wastewater concentrations. Compatible with qPCR and digital PCR Nanotrap-enriched nucleic acids were successfully analyzed using both Bio-Rad CFX96 qPCR and QIAGEN QIAcuity® One dPCR platforms. Chikungunya and yellow fever were detected across the tested concentration range with both platforms, demonstrating flexibility for laboratories using different downstream molecular detection technologies. Implications for Nanotrap Technology This proof-of-concept expands the demonstrated utility of the Nanotrap Microbiome workflow into arbovirus wastewater surveillance. A particularly important feature is the ability to concentrate several arboviruses with the same A+B particle chemistry and PRIME extraction workflow, potentially allowing laboratories to monitor emerging mosquito-borne diseases without developing a separate sample preparation process for each virus. The workflow is also described as compatible with respiratory virus and bacterial detection, supporting its potential as a multi-pathogen wastewater surveillance platform. Conclusion The study demonstrates that Nanotrap Microbiome Particles combined with the Nanotrap PRIME Extraction Kit can capture and enable detection of five medically important arboviruses from wastewater, including chikungunya and yellow fever at concentrations as low as 10 copies/mL under the tested conditions. The workflow is faster than previously described arbovirus wastewater concentration methods and can be performed in automated or semi-automated formats, supporting higher-throughput surveillance. As a proof-of-concept based primarily on contrived wastewater samples, further validation with endogenous arbovirus-positive wastewater will be important to establish real-world recovery, sensitivity, and limits of detection. SKU 44XXX

Article Link Publication: Wade et al., Scientific Reports (2026) Overview This study evaluated the feasibility of a bilateral airplane wastewater surveillance network for monitoring infectious disease threats across international borders. Over approximately six months of coordinated US–UK surveillance, researchers collected 424 wastewater samples from transatlantic flights and tested them for seven respiratory and enteric pathogens, with SARS-CoV-2-positive samples further evaluated by genomic sequencing. Ceres Nanotrap® Microbiome Particles were used to concentrate airplane wastewater during the primary workflows in both countries, demonstrating their application within an operational, international pathogen surveillance program. Key Findings High rates of pathogen detection in airplane wastewater Of 424 samples, 74.8% were positive for at least one respiratory pathogen and 71.5% were positive for at least one enteric pathogen. Targets included SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B, RSV, norovirus GI/GII, and adenovirus F40/41. Among UK-origin flights, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 72.4% and norovirus GII in 79.9% of samples, demonstrating the strong pathogen signal available from aircraft wastewater. Nanotrap particles supported multi-pathogen surveillance UK-origin samples were concentrated using Nanotrap Microbiome Particles in an automated workflow with the KingFisher™ Apex, followed by MagMAX nucleic acid extraction and dPCR. During the first phase of US-origin flight testing, Nanotrap particles were also used in a 10 mL manual concentration workflow followed by MagMAX extraction and RT-qPCR. The workflows supported detection of both respiratory and enteric viruses, demonstrating compatibility with broad, multi-target surveillance rather than a single-pathogen application. Low-level signals provided valuable early-warning information Of 77 SARS-CoV-2 samples that were positive using the standard dPCR threshold but would have been classified as negative using a more stringent three-partition threshold, 80.5% produced ≥25% genome coverage at ≥10× depth. No SARS-CoV-2 sequences were recovered from samples classified as negative under both thresholds. These results demonstrate that low-level wastewater signals can represent genuine positives and may be important for early detection. Genomic sequencing tracked emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants Wastewater sequencing captured multiple circulating SARS-CoV-2 lineages in travelers moving between the US and UK. Notably, the emerging XEC recombinant variant was detected in UK-origin flight wastewater four weeks earlier than in US-origin flight wastewater. The lineage data shown on page 13 illustrate how aircraft wastewater can capture the geographic movement and emergence of viral variants. Implications for Nanotrap Technology This study demonstrates the use of Nanotrap Microbiome Particles in a real-world, international aviation wastewater surveillance program involving public health agencies, airports, airlines, automated sample processing, molecular detection, and genomic sequencing. Nanotrap concentration supported multi-pathogen detection from the human-waste-rich aircraft matrix and was compatible with both manual and KingFisher automated workflows. The study therefore provides an important example of how Nanotrap technology can be incorporated into scalable traveler-based and point-of-entry surveillance systems designed for emerging pathogen detection and pandemic preparedness. Conclusion The authors conclude that bilateral airplane wastewater surveillance is operationally and analytically feasible and could form the basis of a broader international early-warning network. Across 424 transatlantic flight samples, the program detected diverse respiratory and enteric pathogens and generated SARS-CoV-2 genomic data capable of tracking emerging variants. The successful deployment of Nanotrap Microbiome Particles as a wastewater concentration method supports their utility in aviation surveillance workflows. SKU 44XXX

Article Link Publication: Ali et al., Food and Environmental Virology (2026) Overview This study compared Nanotrap® Microbiome magnetic particle capture, polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation, and direct extraction for recovery of the emerging human fecal marker pBI143 from wastewater. Twelve wastewater samples collected from six treatment plants in Maryland and Washington, D.C. were analyzed by qPCR. The study also evaluated crAssphage, tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), and pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) as alternative fecal markers for wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). The Nanotrap workflow used Microbiome Particles A and B with automated KingFisher™ Apex processing. Key Findings Nanotrap significantly improved pBI143 recovery pBI143 was detected in 100% of wastewater samples with all three workflows. Average pBI143 concentrations were 9.68 log₁₀ copies/L with Nanotrap, compared with 9.02 for direct extraction and 8.55 for PEG precipitation. Nanotrap produced significantly higher pBI143 concentrations than both PEG and direct extraction (p<0.05). The same performance advantage was observed for crAssphage. Higher recovery despite substantially lower sample volume The Nanotrap workflow processed only 4.8 mL of wastewater versus 40 mL for PEG precipitation, yet produced significantly higher target concentrations. The authors attribute this result to efficient magnetic capture and enrichment of microbial cells and associated nucleic acids before extraction. As shown in Figure 1 on page 4, both pBI143 and crAssphage concentrations were highest with the Nanotrap workflow. Particle selection matters for target recovery Unlike an earlier study that used Microbiome Particle A alone, this workflow combined Nanotrap Microbiome Particles A and B. The authors suggest that using both particle types likely contributed to improved pBI143 recovery, highlighting the importance of optimizing particle chemistry for the intended microbial targets. Faster, automation-compatible workflow Nanotrap concentration and nucleic acid extraction required approximately 45–60 minutes, compared with 3–4 hours for PEG precipitation. Automated processing on the KingFisher Apex provides a practical pathway toward scalable, high-throughput wastewater surveillance while reducing manual sample handling. Nanotrap supported recovery of diverse fecal markers Using Nanotrap-extracted total nucleic acids, pBI143, crAssphage, ToBRFV, and PMMoV were detected in 100% of samples. pBI143, crAssphage, and ToBRFV occurred at similarly high concentrations, while PMMoV was significantly lower (p<0.05), as illustrated in Figure 2 on page 5. Based on concentration alone, the authors identify pBI143, crAssphage, and ToBRFV as promising alternatives to PMMoV for wastewater normalization. Implications for Nanotrap Technology This study provides independent evidence that the Nanotrap Microbiome Combined workflow can outperform PEG precipitation for recovery of wastewater-associated genetic targets while substantially reducing processing time. Importantly, the workflow co-captured both DNA and RNA targets, supporting its potential for multiplexed wastewater surveillance. The combination of efficient target enrichment, magnetic particle capture, and automated KingFisher processing positions Nanotrap technology as a scalable sample preparation approach for next-generation WBE programs. Conclusion The authors conclude that the Nanotrap Microbiome workflow was superior to PEG precipitation for pBI143 recovery, despite processing approximately eightfold less wastewater, while reducing processing time from several hours to under one hour. The study also demonstrates the value of combining Nanotrap particle chemistries to broaden target capture. A key limitation is that the samples contained relatively high fecal-marker concentrations; therefore, method-specific limits of detection and performance at low target abundance remain to be established. Overall, the results support Nanotrap as a rapid, scalable platform for high-throughput wastewater-based epidemiology. SKU 44XXX

Article Link Publication: Mohan et al., The Lancet Microbe (2026) Overview This prospective study evaluated whether wastewater surveillance for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) reflects clinical typhoid burden in an endemic urban setting. Researchers collected 1,446 wastewater samples from 50 locations in Vellore, India, before introduction of a typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV). Grab samples were concentrated using Nanotrap® Microbiome A Particles (NMP-A) and compared with conventional Moore swab passive sampling. S. Typhi was detected by multiplex qPCR targeting ttr, staG, and tviB, and wastewater results were compared with blood culture-confirmed clinical cases. Key Findings Nanotrap particles significantly improved S. Typhi detection S. Typhi was detected in 8.3% (60/723) of grab samples processed with NMP-A, compared with 2.8% (20/723) of Moore swabs. After adjustment for typhoid incidence, fecal contamination, rainfall, and spatiotemporal effects, the NMP-A method had 4.46× higher odds of detecting S. Typhi than the Moore swab method (95% CI 2.28–8.73; p<0.001). The authors conclude that NMP-A outperformed Moore swabs for detecting S. Typhi-related gene targets in low-volume wastewater samples. Wastewater detection correlated with clinical typhoid burden During the six-month surveillance period, 207 blood culture-confirmed typhoid cases were recorded. Wastewater S. Typhi positivity correlated significantly with clinical incidence across all wastewater catchments (ρ=0.44; p=0.001) and was stronger in the 37 non-overlapping catchments (ρ=0.57; p<0.0001). Every 10-fold increase in clinical typhoid incidence was associated with 2.43× greater odds of detecting S. Typhi in wastewater. Wastewater surveillance identified spatial patterns of disease Clinical typhoid cases clustered primarily in northeastern Vellore during an outbreak between March and May 2023. Spatial modeling showed higher predicted wastewater S. Typhi detection in and around areas with greater clinical case density and identified typhoid hotspots, supporting the potential of wastewater surveillance for geographically targeted monitoring. Human fecal load influenced detection Higher concentrations of HF183, a human-associated Bacteroides fecal marker, were significantly associated with S. Typhi detection. This finding highlights the importance of accounting for human fecal content when interpreting wastewater pathogen surveillance results. Implications for Nanotrap Technology This study provides strong field evidence for Nanotrap Microbiome A Particles as an effective concentration technology for bacterial pathogen surveillance in wastewater. Importantly, the performance advantage was demonstrated within a large, prospective surveillance program rather than only through laboratory-spiking experiments. NMP-A enabled greater S. Typhi detection from 40 mL grab samples and was strongly associated with improved detection after adjustment for environmental and epidemiological variables. The results support Nanotrap technology as a practical component of wastewater-based epidemiology programs for monitoring enteric pathogens and evaluating public health interventions. Conclusion The authors conclude that wastewater S. Typhi detection correlates with clinical typhoid incidence and can complement conventional disease surveillance in endemic communities. Of particular relevance to Nanotrap performance, NMP-A processing provided 4.46× higher adjusted odds of S. Typhi detection than Moore swab sampling, demonstrating a substantial advantage for pathogen concentration from low-volume wastewater samples. The study supports combining Nanotrap-enabled wastewater surveillance with clinical data to identify transmission hotspots, guide targeted vaccination and sanitation interventions, and potentially monitor the population-level impact of typhoid conjugate vaccine programs. SKU 44XXX

Article Link Publication: Gallagher et al., Science of the Total Environment (2026) Overview This study compared three of the most widely used wastewater normalization biomarkers—Pepper Mild Mottle Virus (PMMoV) RNA, crAssphage DNA, and human mitochondrial cytochrome B (MT-CYB) DNA/RNA—to determine their suitability for wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). Using a newly developed four-target multiplex RT-qPCR assay, researchers analyzed 922 wastewater samples from 29 wastewater treatment plants covering approximately 49% of Denmark's population. The study evaluated each marker's ability to normalize for wastewater dilution, estimate contributing population size, and improve SARS-CoV-2 surveillance. Samples were concentrated using Nanotrap® Microbiome A Particles prior to nucleic acid extraction and analysis. Key Findings Robust multiplex assay for wastewater normalization Researchers developed a single multiplex RT-qPCR assay capable of simultaneously quantifying PMMoV RNA, two crAssphage DNA targets, and MT-CYB DNA/RNA with high sensitivity and PCR efficiencies near 100%. All biomarkers were abundant in wastewater and demonstrated strong analytical performance across the national surveillance program. All biomarkers effectively normalized wastewater dilution PMMoV, crAssphage, and MT-CYB performed similarly for correcting wastewater dilution, reducing variability compared with raw pathogen concentrations. Marker performance was influenced more by wastewater treatment plant-specific characteristics and extreme flow events than by the biomarker itself. MT-CYB demonstrated the greatest overall stability Among the three markers, MT-CYB DNA/RNA showed the highest temporal and spatial stability, exhibiting minimal seasonal variation and the most consistent estimates of contributing population size. PMMoV displayed the lowest day-to-day variability but showed a pronounced seasonal increase during summer, while crAssphage exhibited modest seasonal variation. Improved pathogen surveillance Normalizing SARS-CoV-2 wastewater measurements with any of the three biomarkers reduced variability compared with both raw viral concentrations and conventional flow- and population-based normalization. Biomarker normalization produced more stable estimates of SARS-CoV-2 trends, supporting improved interpretation of national wastewater surveillance data. Implications for Nanotrap Technology This study demonstrates that Nanotrap Microbiome A Particles provide a reliable sample concentration platform for national-scale wastewater surveillance, supporting sensitive and reproducible quantification of multiple normalization biomarkers across diverse wastewater systems. By enabling consistent recovery of human-associated nucleic acids prior to multiplex RT-qPCR, Nanotrap technology supports robust wastewater normalization workflows that improve pathogen trend analysis and population-level epidemiology. Conclusion The authors conclude that all three normalization biomarkers substantially improve wastewater pathogen surveillance, with MT-CYB DNA/RNA providing the most robust overall performance due to its superior temporal and spatial stability. Combined with Nanotrap Microbiome A Particle concentration, these biomarkers provide a reliable framework for improving normalization, reducing analytical variability, and strengthening wastewater-based public health surveillance. SKU 44XXX

Publication: Acer & Morrison, Technical Note, Ceres Nanosciences (2026) Overview This technical note evaluates the performance of Nanotrap® Microbiome A Particles for concentrating Legionella pneumophila from tap water and groundwater. The study compares the Nanotrap workflow with three commonly used Legionella detection methods—direct culture on BCYE agar, IDEXX Legiolert®, and centrifugation followed by ddPCR—to determine whether Nanotrap technology can provide equivalent recovery while reducing workflow complexity, processing time, and equipment requirements. Key Findings Comparable recovery across multiple water matrices Nanotrap Microbiome A Particles achieved Legionella pneumophila recovery comparable to traditional concentration methods in both tap water and groundwater. Recovery remained consistent across both water types, demonstrating robust performance in diverse environmental matrices. Significantly faster workflow The Nanotrap workflow reduced time-to-answer by approximately 85–95%, enabling same-day results compared to conventional multi-day Legionella monitoring workflows. This acceleration can improve response times for environmental monitoring and water safety programs. Simplified sample processing Unlike centrifugation-based concentration methods, the Nanotrap workflow requires minimal laboratory infrastructure while maintaining equivalent analytical performance. The simplified concentration process reduces equipment demands and streamlines sample preparation without compromising recovery. Compatible with molecular detection Following concentration, Nanotrap-enriched samples were successfully processed using standard nucleic acid extraction and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) workflows for quantitative detection of L. pneumophila. The workflow integrates readily into existing molecular microbiology laboratories. Implications for Nanotrap Technology This study demonstrates that Nanotrap Microbiome A Particles provide a rapid, low-infrastructure alternative to conventional Legionella concentration methods while maintaining equivalent recovery across different environmental water matrices. By simplifying sample concentration and substantially reducing turnaround time, the technology can support more efficient environmental surveillance, routine water quality monitoring, and public health response programs. Conclusion The authors conclude that Nanotrap Microbiome A Particles deliver recovery of Legionella pneumophila comparable to established concentration methods while dramatically simplifying the workflow. With equivalent performance in tap water and groundwater, compatibility with ddPCR analysis, and the ability to deliver same-day results, Nanotrap technology offers an efficient solution for environmental Legionella surveillance and water safety testing. Figure Description: Recovery of Legionella pneumophila from spiked tap water and groundwater using four concentration workflows. TECH NOTE SKU # 44XXX Lit. # TW-TN31536

Presentation: Campbell et al., Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, ASMS 2026 Poster Overview This study evaluated the performance of the Nanotrap® Protein Enrichment Affinity Kit (PEAK) for high-throughput proteomic analysis of volumetrically accurate dried blood spot (VDBS) samples. The investigators developed and optimized a plate-based, single-day workflow for both plasma and dried blood and compared its performance with other proteomic sample preparation methods. The goal was to determine whether Nanotrap PEAK could provide a scalable, reproducible, and cost-effective alternative for large clinical proteomics studies while maintaining strong proteome depth and analytical precision. Key Findings Robust proteome coverage with a scalable workflow The optimized Nanotrap PEAK workflow enabled comprehensive proteomic profiling from both plasma and VDBS using a single-day, plate-based protocol compatible with high-throughput clinical studies. A shortened 2-hour digestion protocol (37°C; TEAB or Tris+CaCl₂ buffer) maintained protein depth and analytical precision while reducing sample preparation time by approximately 50%. Strong performance in dried blood samples The Ceres R&D Nanotrap workflow outperformed the commercial workflow for VDBS samples, while the commercial workflow remained optimal for plasma. VDBS shared more than 60% of identified proteins with matched plasma samples, and more than half of VDBS proteins achieved intra-assay CVs below 20%, demonstrating strong analytical performance despite the increased complexity of whole blood. Excellent reproducibility Across three independently prepared experimental days, more than 80% of proteins were consistently detected. Over 60% of proteins exhibited inter-day CVs below 20% in both plasma and VDBS, supporting robust reproducibility for longitudinal and large-cohort studies. Plasma and VDBS protein abundances showed strong agreement (Pearson r = 0.86) for low-variability proteins, supporting quantitative comparisons across sample types. Biological relevance demonstrated The optimized workflow detected 25 of 31 curated Alzheimer's disease-associated proteins, including several brain-enriched proteins. Six Alzheimer's-related proteins were detected exclusively in VDBS, largely representing complement and coagulation pathway proteins. In an independent heart disease cohort of 115 participants, the VDBS workflow consistently quantified more than 2,500 proteins, demonstrating suitability for large clinical studies. Implications for Nanotrap Technology This study demonstrates that Nanotrap PEAK enables high-quality, discovery-scale proteomics from microsampled dried blood, extending deep proteomic analysis beyond conventional plasma workflows. The optimized workflow combines strong proteome coverage, high reproducibility, rapid sample processing, and compatibility with automated, plate-based formats, making it well suited for large population studies, decentralized sample collection, and precision medicine applications where dried blood sampling offers logistical advantages. Conclusion The authors conclude that while the Seer Proteograph platform remains the benchmark for maximum proteome depth, Nanotrap PEAK provides a compelling cost-effective alternative for both plasma and dried blood proteomics. Its optimized 2-hour, single-day workflow delivers robust reproducibility, strong cross-matrix concordance, and biologically meaningful protein detection, establishing Nanotrap PEAK as a scalable platform for high-throughput clinical proteomics and biomarker discovery. Poster presented at the 2026 ASM Conference. POSTER SKU 342XX

Article Link Publication: Twigg et al., Journal of Proteome Research (2026) Overview This study evaluated the performance of Nanotrap® Protein Enrichment Affinity Kits (PEAK) for mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of ascites fluid from patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Because ascites contains abundant plasma proteins that mask low-abundance biomarkers, the authors investigated whether Nanotrap hydrogel particles could improve proteome coverage by selectively enriching low-abundance proteins while excluding high-abundance species. Key Findings Significantly improved proteome depth Nanotrap enrichment identified more than 2–3× as many proteins as direct (neat) ascites analysis. Across 10 clinical ascites samples, Nanotrap-enriched workflows identified 3,480–4,000 proteins, compared with 1,505 proteins in unenriched samples. Effective dynamic range compression Albumin, which represented 74% of the neat ascites proteome, was reduced to approximately 1.5% following enrichment. The remaining (lower-abundance) proteome was enriched 4.8–7.1-fold, substantially improving detection of potential biomarker candidates. Complementary particle chemistries Three Nanotrap particle types (A, B, and C) exhibited distinct capture profiles due to differences in affinity chemistry and surface charge. Multi-particle combinations generally identified more proteins than individual particle types, demonstrating complementary enrichment capabilities. Selective enrichment rather than simple depletion On average, 61% of quantified proteins were enriched, while 39% were depleted, indicating that Nanotrap particles selectively reshape the detectable proteome through affinity capture and molecular sieving rather than acting solely as an abundant protein depletion method. Reproducible performance Technical reproducibility remained strong across enrichment methods, with median coefficients of variation between 10–22%. The AC and ABC particle combinations demonstrated the best balance of proteome coverage and reproducibility for biomarker discovery applications. Implications for Nanotrap Technology This study demonstrates that Nanotrap PEAK substantially enhances proteomic analysis of ascites fluid by: Increasing protein identifications and proteome depth. Removing interference from highly abundant plasma proteins. Enabling detection of lower-abundance proteins that may serve as predictive or prognostic biomarkers. Providing a scalable, magnetic, and automation-compatible sample preparation workflow suitable for mass spectrometry-based biomarker discovery. Conclusion The authors conclude that Nanotrap PEAK is a cost-effective, scalable, and reproducible enrichment technology that significantly improves the analytical performance of LC-MS/MS for complex biofluids such as ascites. By compressing the dynamic range and expanding detectable proteome coverage, Nanotrap particles provide a powerful sample preparation approach for ovarian cancer biomarker discovery and other clinical proteomics applications. SKU 34XXX

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a vital tool for tracking pathogenic outbreaks and has been utilized to detect a wide variety of microbes present within a community. In Dhaka, Bangladesh, WBE has been utilized to perform surveillance for poliovirus, other enteric pathogens, and known antimicrobial resistance markers. Extensive research has also been conducted on the persistence of human enteric viruses transmitted via the fecal-oral route in wastewater. Nanotrap® Microbiome A Particles are functionalized hydrogel particles that bind and concentrate intact viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites from diverse sample matrices, and have been adopted in wastewater testing due to reduced workflow times and compatibility with automated, high-throughput processing. We evaluated microbe concentration using the Nanotrap Microbiome A Particle workflow paired with TaqMan Array Cards (TAC), which are customizable RT-qPCR arrays on microfluidics cards, capable of interrogating 48+ pathogen targets per sample and enabling expanded multiplex potential. Through the Nanotrap Microbiome A Particle workflow paired with downstream TAC analysis, we aim to demonstrate concentration across a wide range of infectious pathogen targets from wastewater samples gathered in various locations in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Poster presented at the 2026 ASM Conference. POSTER SKU 44XXX

Detection and isolation of intact bacteria from clinical specimens such as whole blood and urine are critical for clinical microbiology and translational research. However, complex matrix effects, low microbial burden, and the absence of sample preparation workflows that enable intact bacterial capture limit downstream analysis. To address these challenges, we evaluated a Nanotrap® Microbiome Particle (magnetic hydrogel particle) based workflow designed to capture intact viable bacteria and enable controlled dissociation for downstream culturing and molecular applications, while concurrently removing interfering substances. Poster presented at the 2026 ASM Conference. POSTER SKU 44XXX