Urine has traditionally been overlooked in viral diagnostics, with most research focusing on respiratory and blood samples. Advances in molecular testing and metagenomic sequencing have revealed that urine contains a diverse array of viral targets, including both eukaryotic viruses and bacteriophages. Despite these findings, current diagnostic methods, such as molecular assays and culture-based techniques, remain limited by low viral titers, inhibitory matrix components, and

Mass spectrometry–based proteomic analysis is a powerful tool for biomarker discovery, but the detection of low-abundance proteins in complex biological samples such as plasma, serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine remains challenging due to high dynamic range and matrix-specific workflow constraints. The presence of abundant proteins, such as albumin, can mask lower-abundance analytes, limiting proteome depth and sensitivity for clinically relevant targets, including c

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading global health concern, causing approximately 1.4 million deaths annually.(1) Early and accurate detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in complex clinical samples, such as sputum, is critical for effective diagnosis and treatment. Traditional culture methods, while highly specific, are slow and labor-intensive. Molecular approaches such as qPCR and sequencing provide faster results but are often hindered by inefficient mycobacterial recove